Month: February 2010

  • Sex, Drugs, and Rock & Roll

    As one who entered college in 1966 and experienced the sixties from the front lines, I sometimes wonder how I got to be so old and stodgy. I particularly think of this when I pass plate glass windows while walking on the street and glimpse my reflection in them. Who is that gray-haired old broad in the window? It’s always a shock, despite the fact that I’ve been gray-haired for a very long time, and demonstrably growing old at the same rate as everyone else.

    I’m sure some people reading this are laughing at the self-characterization “stodgy,” given that in some quarters I know I’m thought of as a very radical library ex-cataloger with unfortunate tendencies to disparage the status quo and suggest outlandish changes to how things are done in libraries. I suppose I use the “stodgy” bit to suggest that it isn’t necessarily the case that I believe we have to throw out everything we’ve done in the past in pursuit of new approaches. I do a lot of evangelizing on this point, both because I think it makes change less frightening, and because I believe we know a lot more than we think we do about what needs to change, we just have trouble separating that knowledge from the familiar and comforting packages we know so well. We’ve been distributing our knowledge in those packages for a long time, and it’s human nature to stick with what we know when we’re challenged. After all, in our early days as a species, we learned to eat the familiar stuff because we knew it wouldn’t kill us. Those who preferred the new and unfamiliar invariably ran into trouble, and often failed to pass on their genes. Our genes come from the people who knew that the new stuff could kill you.

    My own experience with change has been a mixed bag, certainly. When I was in college I worked for the campus radio station (I was a TV-Radio major). Because I had radio experience in high school, I got a “job” immediately in my freshman year, doing a program called “Dinner Date” which utilized only a certain narrow set of recordings (then on vinyl only, of course). I was supposed to play only instrumentals in the genre that we now refer to as “elevator music.” I tried, in vain, to shift the playlist a bit over to slightly jazzier stuff, bossa nova, and suchlike, but that didn’t go over very well with the then powers-that-were. (I should point out that in those days women weren’t allowed to read news because our voices didn’t have the proper authority—but that’s another story). The mission of the show was to provide quiet background music for people who might be eating their dinner, the music also interspersed (and this was not explicit, but we all got it) with a sexy female voice to keep people coming back. This was an interesting time to be doing educational radio–which was what we were supposed to be doing–before NPR and public radio, when there was a distinct boundary being maintained between commercial and non-commercial radio which didn’t have anything to do with the presence or lack of advertising. Rock and roll, which was what we all wanted to play instead of the classical music leavened with a bit of folk, jazz and elevator music on the side, was not allowed.

    Our Music Director at that stage, in charge of our quite extensive library of recordings, was a fellow who rather blindly followed the practices of the past, and as part of his job he reviewed all new records that flowed in on the gravy train of freebies provided by record companies. As he reviewed, with the use of a sharp tool, he rendered unplayable all those tracks unsuitable for the mission of the station at that time. After his tenure, a real musician became the Music Director, and he put a stop to that practice, but in the meantime, the station and its music collection was permanently disabled. When the station began to change (it’s now an NPR station specializing in Jazz) their collection of recordings was almost unusable. (Now that I think of it, this strategy reminds me of the practices I railed against in my early days at Cornell, where catalogers were told to delete MARC fields that the library then had no use for, which subsequently had to be laboriously re-done when fashions changed.)

    I’ve been reading Karen Coyle’s “Understanding the Semantic Web: Bibliographic Data and Metadata,” (Library Technology Reports, Jan. 2010) both because I want to comment on it more fully in this space and because I’m preparing for a class I’m teaching in the Spring quarter at the University of Washington (more about that later). Since I loaned my paper copy to Jon and won’t get it back until Friday, I’ve been limited so far to reading the first chapter, “Library Data in a Modern Context,” which is available online, and includes in its closing paragraph the following:

    “The need to change does not mean that what you are doing is wrong. Instead, it often means that something in your environment has changed, something that you cannot control.”

    This strikes me as a critically important point. Looking back I can see that much of our conversation about what is happening in our environment, and what needs to be part of our change strategy, is being heard as blame: “You’re doing this all wrong.” And that’s simply not true—if you don’t believe me that where we are makes perfect sense if you understand the ‘why’ of it, read that first chapter. Karen has a wonderful way of explaining things (one that I envy, I have to say), and she does a great job in taking the reader from the nineteenth century and Panizzi to the present day, and it all hangs together. It’s clear that we’ve been responding appropriately to the change in user needs and technology, and I for one think we can do it again, once we move beyond the blame game.

    I get a lot of questions about how and when this change will happen—nobody really wants to be on the bleeding edge of some of this, nor to they want to be left behind, but the effect of all the strategic planning seems to be that we are all teetering on the verge of some tipping point we can’t quite see clearly. “What’s it going to take?” they ask, and I have to be honest, I don’t know. Maybe the smartest thing would be to just declare that we’ve passed that tipping point and stop waiting for somebody else to take the first plunge. Maybe if we could get everyone to read Karen’s report (the printed version can be ordered from ALA directly), as well as to look for the February issue, which will also be Karen’s work, we’ll have the courage to make a move in the right direction. Hope springs eternal (and perhaps that’s the ‘drug’ referred to in the title!).

  • Mulling Midwinter

    One of the things I often do in the weeks following ALA conferences is check out the blog posts about sessions I missed attending. One such was the session on “Recent Trends in Catalog Architecture: ALCTS Catalog Form and Function Interest Group.” I don’t recall what we were doing instead of going to this session, but it looks like we missed a very interesting conversation. That happens far too often at the jam-packed Midwinter and Annual conferences—but thankfully these days the bloggers are keeping us all better informed. Laura Akerman has posted an interesting report of the IG’s session. Slides for this session are also available.

    One of the inescapable conclusions to draw from reading the reports is that the separation of metadata from display considerations seems to be well underway, at least if you consider those folks in the innovation corner. This is very welcome news, particularly for one who has had too many frustrating conversations over the past few years with folks whose heads are so deep into MARC that the revolutionary idea that display decisions are not inextricably tied to metadata fields is completely foreign. Also, it seems clear from the report that the notion of strict MARC-ish boundaries around what kinds of metadata libraries might be interested in providing in a discovery interface is no longer quite so impervious.

    I was struck by the blogger’s quote from the chair: “These presentations were varied but all concerned the architecture and functionality of multiple layers – “what happens (or needs to happen) in between” to transform, combine, and synchronize metadata.” It seems that everyone is traveling down this path these days, which is very good news indeed. In the search for appropriate metaphor that we’ve all done, Frances McNamara from the University of Chicago, the first presenter, called their aggregation of resources ‘stone soup’–a nice metaphor on the whole, though it does imply very hard lumps and not a lot of flavor. The second group of presenters, Joshua P. Barton & Lucas Wing Kau Mak from Michigan State University entitled their presentation “To Fix A Leaky Sink: Envisioning The Potential of Discovery Layers,” although this seems an oddly juicy metaphor for what blogger Laura Akerman described as primarily a “think piece.”

    The third presentation was by Jennifer Bowen, of the eXtensible Catalog Project (full disclosure: Jon and I worked with XC as consultants early on in their development and at various points since). XC’s view of metadata management borrows a great deal from the work we did (and published about) during the days when the National Science Digital Library (NSDL) was young and doing interesting things (before it became a development shop for the Fedora CMS). [Links to the original papers can be found at our website.) From the point of view of libraries looking at the management of metadata as something that happens outside of an ILS, their service architecture is by far their best stuff. In addition to Jennifer’s slides, anyone interested in what XC is doing should take a look at their recently released screencasts, particularly the first and the third, which includes a detailed description of what the MST (Metadata Services Toolkit) really does. Our metaphor for this functionality has always been “The Metadata Washing Machine,” so we’ve really no business complaining about anyone else’s choices!

    The last presentation was by Aaron Wood, of the University of Calgary, and the placement of this particular presentation is important, because it clearly points out that once you’ve created your soup and/or washed your dirty metadata, you still need to figure out how to present results to users in ways that are far different than what we’re used to in the typical ILS interface. Calgary uses the new Summon product from Serials Solutions (which, by the way, also builds on the notion of aggregated metadata services we pioneered in NSDL). The question that turns up in the blog post “how to prevent the local institution’s collections (print and digital) from becoming marginalized in search results when combined with a much larger number of full text resources (licensed journal articles etc.)” is right to the point, because it assumes, as we all should, that the usual alphabetic display that most of our ILS systems produce, that must be scrolled or paged through, is no longer good enough. The presentation points out something we found in NSDL several years ago, that when metadata records and full text are trolled for keywords, the full text always tends to rise to the top, and that’s not necessarily always a good thing from a user point of view. Metadata in general is a poor performer when simply treated as text by full-text indexers, not just because there’s not enough text, but also because full-text indexing generally perceives no additional value in controlled vocabularies and their relationship to well-defined properties (and the richness of the relationships that lie behind the vocabularies as well).

    But I’m sorry I missed this session, and thanks to Laura Akerman and the Metadata Blog for providing such a good summary of the session.